Balancing the risks of the verification result for a single instrumentShu Weiqun Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaAbstract:A low test-uncertainty-ratio will result in the verification result of a single instrument with customer risk or manufacturer risk. This paper describes the cause of these two types of risks and the relationship between them. The concepts of customer-favored factor and risk balancing are also presented.[著者文摘]